实验用猕猴某些生理生化指标的测定

应用全自动血液细胞分析仪、全自动血液生化分析仪和流式细胞仪等仪器测定和分析人工饲养条件下24只健康猕猴清醒状态下血液一般生理生化指标、CD3 、CD4 、CD8 、CD20 细胞阳性率。结果雌性猕猴平均动脉压、收缩压、舒张压极显著低于雄性猕猴(P<0.01),心电图QRS波、T波差异极显著(P<0.01),Q-T段差异显著(P<0.05)。血液常规指标中雄性猕猴白细胞计数极显著低于雌性猕猴(P<0.01)。猕猴碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素差异极显著(P<0.01)、总胆固醇、γ-谷氨酰转移酶差异显著(P<0.05)、甘油三酯显著低于雄性猕猴(P<0.01),而丙氨酸氨基转换酶,天门冬氨酸氨基转换酶差异极显著(P<0.01)、血清肌酐显著高于雄性猕猴(P<0.05)。CD3 、CD4 、CD8 、CD20 细胞阳性率无显著差别。文章为以猕猴作为实验动物的医学实验提供可靠的参考数据,同时证明一些指标受性别影响,在试验中应受到重视。     

Influence of ante‐ and peri‐mortem factors on biochemical and physical characteristics of turkey breast muscle

Summary

The course of post‐mortem breakdown of glycogen and ATP in turkey pectoralis major muscle was markedly influenced by several ante‐ and peri‐mortem variables. Application of a proper stunning procedure was highly effective in preventing peri‐ and post‐mortem muscle stress reactions.

The physiological level of glycogen and ATP was not significantly affected by road transportation covering 260 km. Birds which rested for 24 hrs following transportation had lower glycogen and ATP levels at the moment of slaughter than non‐rested birds.

According to the changes in the rate and extent of post‐mortem biochemical reactions, several meat characteristics such as water‐holding capacity, colour, and tenderness were significantly changed.

Furthermore, the results also indicate that turkey breast muscle is susceptible to a PSE‐like condition as described in pork.     

Formation of carbon–carbon composite using wood as a precursor

Abstract

The use of wood as structure-giving material may be an effective approach to reduce some barriers for producing high temperature ceramic especially carbon composites. The objective of this study was to develop a simple process for producing carbon–carbon (C–C) composite through porous template result from pyrolysing of wood. Walnut, known to be relatively permeable, was being heat treated under controlled atmosphere. The carbon-template formed was infiltrated with coal tar pitch. Morphological characterization of the resulting composite was carried out by scanning electron microscopy morphology and physical properties of sample were evaluated with determination of bulk density and open porosity. In addition mechanical properties of products were analysed with three-point bending test and Vickers micro hardness. Results showed that bulk density had an uprising trend with increasing the number of densification cycles and subsequently open porosity decreased. Moreover, from mechanical property's point of view, results had a good compatibility with increase in the densification cycles.     

Cellular Antioxidant Effect of Four Bromophenols from the Red Algae,Vertebrata lanosa

Three known bromophenols, 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzylaldehyde (1), 2,2′,3-tribromo-3′,4,4′,5-tetrahydroxy-6′-hydroxymethyldiphenylmethane (2) and bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxylbenzyl) ether (3), and one new one, 5,5″-oxybis(methylene)bis(3-bromo-4-(2′,3′-dibromo-4′,5′-dihydroxylbenzyl)benzene-1,2-diol) (4), were isolated from an extract of the red alga, Vertebrata lanosa. The antioxidant activity of these four bromophenols was examined using one biochemical and two cellular assays: Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) and Cellular Lipid Peroxidation Antioxidant Activity (CLPAA) assays. Compound 2 distinguished itself by showing potent activity, having a better antioxidant effect than luteolin in both the CAA and CLPAA assays and of quercetin in the CLPAA assay. Although several bromophenols are known to be potent antioxidants in biochemical assays, this is the first time their cellular antioxidant activity has been demonstrated.     

Proceedings of the 2013 Joint JSTP/NTP Satellite Symposium

The first joint Japanese Society of Toxicologic Pathology (JSTP) and National Toxicology Program (NTP) Satellite Symposium, entitled “Pathology Potpourri,” was held on January 29^th at Okura Frontier Hotel in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, in advance of the JSTP’s 29^th Annual Meeting. The goal of this Symposium was to present current diagnostic pathology or nomenclature issues to the toxicologic pathology community. This article presents summaries of the speakers’ presentations, including diagnostic or nomenclature issues that were presented, select images that were used for audience voting or discussion, and the voting results. Some lesions and topics covered during the symposium include: treatment-related atypical hepatocellular foci of cellular alteration in B6C3F1 mice; purulent ventriculoencephalitis in a young BALB/c mouse; a subcutaneous malignant schwannoma in a RccHan:WIST rat; spontaneous nasal septum hyalinosis/eosinophilic substance in B6C3F1 mice; a rare pancreatic ductal cell adenoma in a young Lewis rat; eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia in a transgenic mouse model; hyaline glomerulopathy in two female ddY mice; treatment-related intrahepatic erythrocytes in B6C3F1 mice; treatment-related subendothelial hepatocytes in B6C3F1 mice; spontaneous thyroid follicular cell vacuolar degeneration in a cynomolgus monkey; congenital hepatic fibrosis in a 1-year-old cat; a spontaneous adenocarcinoma of the middle ear in a young Crl:CD(SD) rat; and finally a series of cases illustrating some differences between cholangiofibrosis and cholangiocarcinoma in Sprague Dawley and F344 rats.     

基于MCR-ANN-CA模型的包头市生态用地演变模拟

以内蒙古自治区包头市为研究区,耦合最小累积阻力(MCR)模型、人工神经网络(ANN)和元胞自动机(CA)构建MCR-ANN-CA模型。利用MCR模型量化包头市各用地类型演变为生态用地时的阻力,构建CA适宜性规则;利用ANN模型提取CA邻域转换规则,基于包头市2006、2011年土地利用数据及归一化植被指数(NDVI)、高程、坡度、水体距离、人口密度多项数据,对2016年生态用地演变情景进行模拟,以2016年实际生态用地分布为参照,将该模型模拟结果与CA-Markov模型的模拟结果进行对比(以2016年实际景观分布为参照),结果显示,两种模型模拟结果的卡帕一致性指数(Kappa index of agreement,KIA)分别为0. 89和0. 87,相对误差分别为3. 10%和5. 31%,MCR-ANN-CA模型显示了较高的模拟精度。     

A New Bioassay Platform Design for the Discovery of Small Molecules with Anticancer Immunotherapeutic Activity

Immunotherapy takes advantage of the immune system to prevent, control, and eliminate neoplastic cells. The research in the field has already led to major breakthroughs to treat cancer. In this work, we describe a platform that integrates in vitro bioassays to test the immune response and direct antitumor effects for the preclinical discovery of anticancer candidates. The platform relies on the use of dendritic cells that are professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) able to activate T cells and trigger a primary adaptive immune response. The experimental procedure is based on two phenotypic assays for the selection of chemical leads by both a panel of nine tumor cell lines and growth factor-dependent immature mouse dendritic cells (D1). The positive hits are then validated by a secondary test on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). The aim of this approach is the selection of potential immunotherapeutic small molecules from natural extracts or chemical libraries.     

新生猪肌组织成纤维细胞的分离培养和鉴定

研究建立了猪肌组织成纤维细胞体外培养的模型,采用组织块培养方法获得了新生猪肌组织成纤维细胞并进行体外培养.观察细胞形态,通过绘制细胞的生长曲线来研究肌组织成纤维细胞的生长规律,利用RT-PCR和免疫细胞化学染色对所获得的细胞进行鉴定,再用双荧光素酶检测系统来检测细胞的转染效率.通过形态学观察、RT-PCR和免疫细胞化学染色结果表明,已成功培养了猪肌组织成纤维细胞,纯度达90%以上.     

Cross-reactivity of anti-chicken IgY antibody with immunoglobulins of exotic avian species

Background: A major challenge in the serologic diagnosis of infectious diseases in exotic birds is the limited availability of species-specific antibodies. Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to determine if there is cross reactivity between commercially available anti-chicken IgY antibodies and immunoglobulins of several avian species, with particular emphasis on psittacines. Methods: To quantitate the reactivity with anti-chicken IgY, Western blot analysis was performed using plasma samples from many different avian species. Results were compared with gamma globulin fraction quantitation obtained by protein electrophoresis. Results: By Western blot, 2 protein bands corresponding to the heavy and light chains of chicken IgY were identified in species from 21 avian orders using 1 of 2 rabbit anti-chicken IgY antibodies. Densitometric analysis showed that the amount of immunoglobulin estimated from Western blots correlated strongly with data from protein electrophoresis assays. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that some commercially available anti-chicken IgY antibodies exhibit good cross-reactivity with most avian species.